Because the actual flame retardant information does not require further flame retardant treatment, the following content is all related to the information of added flame retardants. Flammable materials generally include thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins, rubber, coatings, fibers (natural and artificial fibers), wood, etc. The above flammable materials can be modified into flame retardant materials through the following methods.
(1) Thermoplastic resin thermoplastic polyester resin includes common polyolefins, polyesters, polyamides, etc., such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polycarbonate (PC), nylon 6, nylon 66, etc. Regarding the above information, it will be melted and blended with corresponding flame retardant additives in a screw extruder to produce flame retardant pellets and complete flame retardant modification. But generally, flame retardant additives are targeted, that is, specific flame retardants act on a certain type of resin. There are few types of flame retardants that can be widely used, so careful selection, testing, and composite application are generally required.
(2) Thermosetting resin includes epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyurethane, unsaturated polyester resin, etc. This type of resin requires multi-component blending during application, so flame retardants can be added simultaneously and mixed evenly through rapid mixing. After mixing, a curing reaction is carried out at a certain temperature, and the thermosetting resin material with flame retardant function can be formed after curing.
(3) Rubber can be used as wire and cable material, conveyor belt material, etc. The flame retardant requirement is very high. The preparation of flame-retardant rubber involves blending raw rubber, flame retardants, and various additives, followed by plasticization, blending, and vulcanization to produce flame-retardant rubber materials.
(4) Coatings are also made by blending multiple components. Therefore, when used, flame retardants and their composite components are generally mixed and blended with the components that make up the coating to form the coating, which is then coated on the surface of steel or wooden structures to form a flame retardant coating.
(5) Fibers include chemically made fibers such as polyester, polypropylene, acrylic, spandex, as well as natural fibers such as cotton and silk fabrics. Chemical fibers can be spun using flame-retardant pellets with flame retardant properties before being made into fibers. The obtained fibers have flame-retardant properties. In addition, flame retardancy can also be achieved through the post-treatment of fibers and fabrics. Immerse the fiber fabric in flame retardant cleaning solution, and the flame retardant components can be reactive, reacting with the functional groups on the fiber to bond the flame retardant structure to the fiber. The flame retardant components can also physically adhere to the fiber. However, the flame retardant components that adhere physically have poor water resistance due to their weak bonding with fibers. Causing the fiber to lose its flame retardant function after repeated washing.
(6) Wood is a flammable material. But as a naturally occurring material, it also has characteristics such as environmental protection, renewability, and biodegradability. The flame retardancy of wood is generally achieved through impregnation method. By using high negative pressure, the gaps in the wood and the air in the fiber ducts are extracted, and then the wood is immersed in a flame-retardant liquid, pressurized to allow the flame-retardant components to enter the interior of the wood, and dried to form flame-retardant wood materials.
